Mar 02, 2014 Hi B1tmaps. GNS3 workbench is equal to 'Ubuntu installation + GNS3 + few labs' inside a virtual machine. So, yes you can use it inside windows after installing Vmware player or equivalent virtualization software. GNS3 WorkBench is a comprehensive collection of over 140 exercises/labs with detailed instructions primarily aimed at ICND1/ICND2 level. It can be downloaded as either. GNS3 works best with VMware Workstation 12 Pro and VMware Fusion 8 Pro, the recommended virtualization solutions, and GNS3 users can now take 20% off the sticker price of Fusion 8 or Workstation 12 Pro!
GNS3 WorkBench is a collection of approximately 50 Labs built for GNS3 running on a VMware image of Linux Mint. Many labs have variations and solutions, making approximately 140 different configuration sets (snapshots).
In this tutorial we will connect two routers via static route with GNS3.
Static route and Dynamic route
Static route tells the device exactly where to send traffic, no matter what. Static route is often used when your network has only a few routers or there is only one route from a source to a destination. Dynamic routes, on the other hand, use a routing protocol to determine the best path and the routes can be changed depending on specific parameters (like bandwidth, delay, cost…). With dynamic routes, routers can communicate with each other to exchange routing information. In ROUTE 642-902 you will learn about dynamic routing protocols such as OSPF, EIGRP and BGP (RIP is also a dynamic routing protocol but it is not mentioned in ROUTE).
The simple syntax of static route:
ip route destination-network-address subnet-mask {next-hop-IP-address | exit-interface} + destination-network-address: destination network address of the remote network + subnet mask: subnet mask of the destination network + next-hop-IP-address: the IP address of the receiving interface on the next-hop router + exit-interface: the local interface of this router where the packets will go out
Now we consider a real-world example of static routing. Suppose that your company has 2 branches located in New York and Chicago. As the administrator of the network, you are tasked to connect them so that employees in the two LANs can communicate with each other. After careful consideration you decided to connect them via static route.
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In GNS3, place 2 routers and connect them as the image below, I used IOS c2600-bin-mz.123-6f.bin to save some RAM (only require 64MB/router). We will use two loopback interfaces to simulate two Ethernet LANs.
Notice that static route works one-way. It means we have to add static route to both R0 and R1 so that R0 and R1 can communicate.
Now try to ping each far end network
(Note: In fact, R0 can successfully ping R1 right after adding the static route to R0)
Administrative distance of a static route.
After adding two static routes in R0 & R1 routers, the routing tables of two routers contain these lines:
S 10.0.0.0/8 [1/0] via 12.12.12.1 (on R1) S 172.16.0.0/16 [1/0] via 12.12.12.2 (on R0)
The “S” letter tells us this is a static route. The networks 10.0.0.0/8 and 172.16.0.0/16 are the destinations of this static route and if the routers want to reach them they must send packets to 12.12.12.1 (on R1) and 12.12.12.2 (on R2). These parameters are straightforward and easy to understand. But what is [1/0]? Well, 1 is the administrative distance (AD) and 0 is the metric of that static route.
The administrative distance is a measure of trustworthiness where lower numbers are considered to be more trustworthy than higher numbers. The route with the lowest administrative distance value is the preferred route that the router selects. Administrative distance is the value from 0 to 255.
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Directly connected routes have an administrative distance of 0. Static routes have an administrative distance of 1 so in the outputs above you will see the administrative distance of both static routes are 1.
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The router treats a static route pointing to an interface the same as a connected interface so the its AD is 0. If you configure a static route pointing to an exiting interface (for example: “ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 s0/0” on R0) then the AD will not be shown.
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(For your information, EIGRP has an administrative distance of 90. IGRP has an administrative distance of 100. OSPF has an administrative distance of 110. And RIP has an administrative distance of 120)